Loss Reduction in Radial Distribution Network by Optimal Placement of Type – I DG Using Modified Direct Search Algorithm

In this paper, Direct Search Algorithm is implemented to determine the optimal sizes of Type – I Distributed Generators (DGs) and optimal locations such that maximum possible reduction in real power loss is obtained. Type – I DG injects both active and reactive powers. The algorithm searches for all possible locations in the system for a particular size of DG and places it at the bus which gives maximum reduction in active power loss. The optimal sizes of DGs are chosen to be standard sizes i.e., discrete sizes of DGs are considered. The algorithm is tested on 33 bus and 69 bus Radial Distribution Systems. The loss reduction obtained in this paper for the 33 bus and 69 bus test systems are highest compared to other techniques in the literature. Power factor of the DG is considered in this study is 0.85. On 33 bus system, without placement of DGs the loss is 211 kW whereas after placement it is 15.50 kW. There is a reduction of 92.65% in the losses. Before placement of DGs, the power loss is 5.37% of the total power supplied by the slack bus. After optimal placement by the MODIFIED DSA algorithm, the active power loss is 0.415% of the total power supplied by the system. On 69 bus system, without placement of DGs the loss is 225 kW whereas after placement is 5.75 kW. There is a reduction of 97.44% in the losses. Before placement of DGs, the power loss is 5.58% of the total power supplied by the slack bus. After optimal placement by the MODIFIED DSA algorithm, the active power loss is 0.15% of the total power supplied by the system. As the loss is less than 2%, the system is considered as Loss Less Distribution System. It is implemented using MATLAB/Simulink.